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Arabia Terra : ウィキペディア英語版
Arabia Terra

Arabia Terra is a large upland region in the north of Mars in that lies mostly in the Arabia quadrangle, but a small part is in the Mare Acidalium quadrangle. It is densely cratered and heavily eroded. This battered topography indicates great age, and Arabia Terra is presumed to be one of the oldest terrains on the planet. It covers as much as at its longest extent, centered roughly at with its eastern and southern regions rising above the north-west. Alongside its many craters, canyons wind through the Arabia Terra, many emptying into the large northern lowlands of the planet, which borders Arabia Terra to the north.

Wikiarabiaboundaries.jpg|MOLA map showing boundaries for Arabia Terra and other nearby regions.

==Features==

Arabia contains many interesting features. There are some good examples of pedestal craters in the area. A pedestal crater has its ejecta above the surrounding terrain, often forming a steep cliff. The ejecta forms a resistant layer that protects the underlying material from erosion.〔http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/PSP_008508_1870〕 Mounds and buttes on the floor of some craters display many layers. The layers may have formed by volcanic processes, by wind, or by underwater deposition.〔http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/PSP_009008_1915〕〔http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/PSP_004434_1885〕 Dark slope streaks have been observed in Tikhonravov Basin, a large eroded crater. The streaks appear on steep slopes and change over time. At first they are dark, then turn a lighter color, probably by the deposition of fine, light colored dust from the atmosphere.〔http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/PSP_007531_1935〕These streaks are thought to form by dust moving downslope in a way similar to snow avalanches on Earth.〔http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/PSP_006569_1915〕
Arabia Terra was named in 1979 after a corresponding albedo feature on a map by Giovanni Schiaparelli, who named it in turn after the Arabian peninsula.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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